Computes the roots of the quadratic equation \(a\beta^2 + b\beta + c = 0\). These roots serve as the boundaries for the confidence sets constructed by inverting the UJIVE/LIML score test.

GetCIvals(CIcoef)

Arguments

CIcoef

Numeric vector of length 3. The coefficients \((a, b, c)\) of the quadratic inequality, typically obtained from GetCIcoef.

Value

Numeric vector of length 2. Contains the two roots.

Details

This function applies the standard quadratic formula: $$\beta_{1,2} = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}$$

Note: This function does not check the sign of the discriminant. It is intended to be called by a wrapper function (like GetCItypebd) that first verifies the existence of real roots (i.e., \(b^2 - 4ac \ge 0\)).

Depending on the sign of \(a\) (convexity), these values represent either the endpoints of a bounded confidence interval or the inner boundaries of a disjoint ("donut") confidence set.

References

Yap, L. (2025). "Inference with Many Weak Instruments and Heterogeneity". Working Paper.